III. 阅读 (共两节，满分40分)
第—节 阅读理解 (共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)
A
Few laws are so effective that you can see results just days after they take effect. But in the nine days since the federal cigarette tax more than doubled --- to $1.01 per pack --- smokers have jammed telephone “quit lines” across the country seeking to kick the habit.
This is not a surprise to public health advocates. They’ve studied the effect of state tax increases for years， finding that smokers， especially teens， are price sensitive. Nor is it a shock to the industry， which fiercely fights every tax increase.
The only wonder is that so many states insist on closing their ears to the message. Tobacco taxes improve public health， they raise money and most particularly， they deter people from taking up the habit as teens， which is when nearly all smokers are addicted. Yet the rate of taxation varies widely.
In Manhattan， for instance， which has the highest tax in the nation， a pack of
Marlboro Light Kings cost $10.06 at one drugstore Wednesday. In Charleston， S.C.， where the 7-cent-a-pack tax is the lowest in the nation， the price was $4.78.
The influence is obvious.
In New York， high school smoking hit a new low in the latest surveys ---13.8%， far below the national average. By comparison， 26% of high school students smoke in Kentucky. Other low-tax states have similarly depre
ssing teen-smoking records.
Hal Rogers， Representative from Kentucky， like those who are against high tobacco taxes， argues that the burden of the tax falls on low-income Americans “who choose to smoke.”
That’s true. But there is more reason in keeping future generations of low-income workers from getting hooked in the f
irst place. As for today’s adults， if the new tax drives them to quit， they will have more to spend on their families， cut their risk of cancer and heart disease and feel better.x k b 1 . c o m
46．The text is mainly about___________.
A．the price of cigarettes B．the rate of teen smoking
C．the differences in toba
cco tax rate D．the effect of tobacco tax increase
47．What does the author think is a surprise?
A．Some states still keep the tobacco tax low.
B．Teen smokers are price sensitive.
C．Tobacco taxes improve public health.xkb1
D．Tobacco industry fiercely fights the tax rise.
48．The underlined word ”deter”in Paragraph 3 most probably means .
A．benefit B．remove C．discourage D．free
49．Rogers’ attitude towards the low-income smokers might be that of .
A．tolerance B．sympathy C．doubt D．unconcern
50．What can we learn from the last paragraph?
A．The new tax will be beneficial in the long run.
B．Low-income Americans are more likely to fall ill.
C．Future generations will be hooked on smoking.
D．Adults will depend more on their families.
B
In a world with limited land， water and other natural resources， the harm from the traditional business model is on the rise. Actually， the past decade has seen more and more forests disappearing and the globe becoming increasingly warm. People now realize that this unhealthy situation must be changed， and that we must be able to develop in sustainable (可持续的) ways. That means growth with low carbon or development of sustainable products. In other words， we should keep the earth healthy while using its supply of natural resources.
Today， sustainable development is a proper trend in many countries. According to a recent study， the global market for low-carbon energy will become three times bigger over the next decade. China， for example， has set its mind on leading that market， hoping to seize chances in the new round of the global energy revolution. It is now trying hard to make full use of wind and solar energy， and is spending a huge amount of money making electric cars and high-speed trains. In addition， we are also seeing great growth in the global markets for sustainable products such as palm oil (棕榈油)， which is produced without cutting down valuable rainforest. In recent years the markets for sustainable products have grown by more than 50%.
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