Grammar Focus
※do sth. by + doing / n. 例如：
1. Bob makes a living by teaching.
2.---How do you study for a listening test?
---By listening to tapes.
※used to do sth. 例如：
1. He used to get up at half past six.
2.He told us he used to play football when he was young.
used to do 的否定式为：
usedn’t
主语 + used not + to do sth.
didn’t use
He usedn’t to study hard.=He used not to study hard.
=He didn’t use to study hard.
used to do 的疑问式及其答语为：
①Used + 主语 + to do…?
Yes, sb. used to. / No, sb. usedn’t to.
②Did + 主语 + use + to do…?
Yes, sb. did./ No, sb. didn’t.
※should+be+allowed = be allowed to do sth. 例如：
They think sixteen-years-olds should be allowed to drive.
Students should be allowed to wear her own clothes.
should+not+be+allowed=be not allowed to do sth.例如：
We are not allowed to go out on school nights.
Sixteen-year-olds should not be allowed to drive.
※
|
虚拟情况 |
从句 |
主句 |
|
与现在事实相反 |
If+主语+v.-ed (be→were) |
S + would/should/ could/might + v. |
例如：
1. If I won a million dollars, I’d give it to charity.
(实际我没有)
2. If I were you, I would accept his offer.
（事实上我不可能是你）
情态动词表推测的用法 例如
It must be Tom’s. It has his name on it.
It could be Ann’s. She studies Chinese.
It might belong to John. He plays the guitar.
It can’t be Jim’s. It’s much too big for him.
Sentence Patterns：
1. Why don’t you do sth.…? = Why not do sth.?
Why don’t you join an English language club?
2. It’s too + adj. + to do +….
It’s too hard to understand the voices.
She went too late to catch the train.
too…to… 与enough to或 so…that…结构
在一定条件下可以相互转换。例如：
Jack is too young to go to school.
= Jack is not old enough to go to school.
The article is too difficult for me to understand.
= The article is so difficult that I can’t understand it.
3. I used to be afraid of the dark.
4. I go to sleep with my bedroom light on.
5. Sixteen-year-olds should be allowed to get their
ears pierced.
6. They aren’t serious enough.
7. What would you do if you had a million dollars?
8. If I were you, I’d like a long walk before going to bed.
9. It must belong to Carla.
10. He might be late for work.
11. ask/tell sb.(how) / (not ) to do sth. 例如：
My mother asks me to clean my room every day.
The teacher told the boys not to run in the hallways because it was dangerous.
12. enjoy/finish/mind/be busy doing sth. 例如：
Some famous people today enjoy writing on micro blog.
13. 状语从句
主句（一般将来时）… If/As soon as+从句（一般现在时）例如：
You will become a good language learner if you keep practice.
I’ll give it to him as soon as he comes back.
14. 宾语从句 例如：
I want to know if he will come on time.
Do you know when the School Day is every year, Jack?
词语辨析：
talk, tell, speak, say;
take, spend, pay, cost;
frustrated, frustrating; excited, exciting
interested, interesting; moved, moving;
how long, how often, how far, how soon,
how many, how much;
used to, be used to + doing, be used to do sth.;
two more letters, two other letters , another two letters;
stop doing sth. stop to do sth.;
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